Why is it known as The First Pass Under Heaven (天下第一关)? Its location on the eastern most of the great wall meant that it is the first fortress along the great wall. However, first (第一) did not refer to its location. It referred to the fortress being number one in terms of its defence. It was supposed to be impregnable and was thus reputed to be The First (Number One) Pass Under Heaven (天下第一关). The Manchus could not penetrate the fortress. Wu Sangui (吳三桂) opened the gates to allow them in because he joined the Manchus to overthrow the Ming Dynasty.
Performanc at the fortress
This is supposed to be the original sign
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